- ```markdown # Simple Past Tense: Usage & Rules ## 1. Usage of Simple Past Tense ### 1.1 Completed Actions - Actions that started and finished at specific time in past - Example: "She visited Paris last year." ### 1.2 Past Habits - Repeated actions in the past (often used with frequency adverbs) - Example: "He always carried an umbrella." ### 1.3 Past Facts - States/conditions that were true in the past - Example: "They were happy." ## 2. Structure ### 2.1 Affirmative - Subject + V2 (past form) - Example: "I worked yesterday." ### 2.2 Negative - Subject + did not (didn't) + V1 - Example: "They didn't attend the meeting." ### 2.3 Interrogative - Did + Subject + V1? - Example: "Did you eat breakfast?" ## 3. Verb Forms ### 3.1 Regular Verbs | Rule | Example | |---------------------|---------------| | Add -ed | play → played | | Verb ending with e → add d | dance → danced | | Consonant + y → ied | study → studied | | CVC (double final consonant) | stop → stopped | ### 3.2 Irregular Verbs | Base Form | Past Form | |-----------|-----------| | go | went | | have | had | | be | was/were | | see | saw | ## 4. Negative Formations ### 4.1 With "be" Verbs - Subject + was/were + not - Example: "She wasn't ready." ### 4.2 With Other Verbs - Subject + didn't + base verb - Example: "We didn't understand." ## 5. Question Formations ### 5.1 Yes/No Questions - Did + Subject + base verb? - Example: "Did they arrive early?" ### 5.2 WH- Questions - WH-word + did + Subject + base verb? - Example: "Why did you laugh?" ## 6. Time Expressions - yesterday - last night/week/month/year - in 1990/18th century - ... ago (two days ago) - when-clause - Example: "When I was young..." ## 7. Special Notes 1. Pronunciation of -ed endings: - /t/ (worked), /d/ (played), /ɪd/ (wanted) 2. "Used to" for past habits: - "I used to play tennis." 3. Timeline visualization: - [Past]-----X-----•-----•-----•-----[Now] - ```